Controversial egg modification technique could increase IVF success in older women

A controversial new technique to improve the quality of eggs from older women undergoing IVF is being developed by Japanese scientists.

Because the procedure involves using eggs from two women to create a single viable egg for fertilisation, it has sparked a media furore over the potential creation of what have been inaccurately dubbed 'three-parent embryos'.
The success rate of IVF declines dramatically as the age of the woman undergoing the procedure increases. One of the reasons for this is thought to be the accumulation of abnormalities in the cytoplasm (the jelly-like substance that surrounds a cell's nucleus) of eggs from older women. Researchers at the St Mother Hospital in Kitakyushu, Japan, took the nucleus out of an egg cell from an older woman undergoing IVF and transplanted into an egg donated by a younger woman (under the age of 35) which had first had its nucleus removed. The resulting egg had the nucleus from the older woman but the cytoplasm from the younger woman.
The research team presented their results at the American Society for Reproductiove Medicine meeting in Atlanta, Georgia in October 2009. Out of 31 eggs on which the procedure was performed, 25 appeared to have transplanted successfully and looked healthy and so were used for fertilisation. Out of these 25 eggs, seven (28 per cent) formed early-stage embryos after being injected with sperm. This was a dramatic improvement on the usual three per cent success rate for the fertilisation of eggs from older women.
In this case, the embryos were not implanted back into women, but team leader Dr Atsushi Tanaka told New Scientist magazine: 'If we could transfer these constructed new embryos, I believe the success rate would be high'.
Although the vast majority of human DNA is contained inside the nuclei of cells, a handful of genes - just 37 genes out of around 25,000 genes in total - are found in the mitochondria, tiny structures that exist in the cytoplasm and provide power to cells. The embryos created by Dr Tanaka and his team would inherit only these 37 genes from the younger donor of the empty egg and cytoplasm, and their remaining 25,000 or so genes from the woman who donated the egg's nucleus and the man who donated the sperm. For this reason, a similar technique of nuclear transfer has been proposed in order to enable women who have severe genetic disorders associated with mitochondrial genes to have children of their own without passing on their condition.
The use of this technique on eggs intended for implantation is currently banned in the UK. However, the new Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act recognises what it calls the 'devastating effects' of mitochondrial diseases and will allow for secondary legislation to sanction treatment of mitochondrial diseases should therapies be developed.
SOURCE: BIONEWS.ORG.UK

For the mother 13 times unlucky with IVF, a miracle boy at last

His mother has suffered the trauma of two miscarriages, an ectopic pregnancy and 13 failed IVF attempts.
Having been through all that this little baby boy can only be described as her miracle.

The child, identified only as Oliver, has become the first in the world to be born using an IVF technique that is said to more than double the chances of pregnancy.

Oliver, from the south of England, was born in July after doctors devised a way of counting the chromosomes in eggs, allowing them to pick only the best for fertility treatment.
After years of IVF disappointment, his mother, aged 41, had all but given up hope of ever having a baby of her own.

It's hardly surprising that her doctor says the woman and her husband - who have requested privacy - are still in shock at the birth.
Simon Fishel, of the Care group of fertility clinics, said: 'You get to a point where you don't believe it is going to happen to you.
'They are absolutely thrilled, as anybody would be, but believe it is almost more of a miracle in their case because of their history.
'Oliver's birth is an important landmark in shaping our understanding of why many women fail to become pregnant.'

So far, another six or so women have become pregnant thanks to the technique. But in time it could help many more women achieve their dream of motherhood.

Initial studies suggest it can more than double the odds of conception, cutting the cost and heartache of failed IVF attempts.
The technique, known as array comparative genomic hybridisation
Healthy eggs should have 23 chromosomes but many have more or less than this, greatly cutting the chances of pregnancy and raising the risk of miscarriage and of having a child with a condition such as Down's syndrome.

Up to three-quarters of miscarriages are thought to be due to embryos having too many or too chromosomes, with eggs from older women particularly likely to be problematic.
In trials, a more basic form of the technique doubled the pregnancy rate from 25 per cent to 50 per cent.

The latest version, pioneered at Care's Nottingham clinic, removes the potentially risky step of freezing and thawing the eggs or embryos and so could boast even better results.
Dr Fishel said: 'I really don't want to raise hopes unnecessarily but I do believe that because chromosomal abnormalities are so vast in cases of IVF failure that this technique will produce higher live birth rates.
'I am hoping it will double, or even more than double, the chances in most groups of patients.'
Optimising the chances of pregnancy would also allow doctors to reduce the number of eggs they implant in a woman at one time, cutting the odds of risky twin and triplet pregnancies.
The Care team is now trying out the method on embryos, something-that could increase the chances of success even further.
Although the method is mainly being used in women who have repeatedly failed at IVF, younger women could also benefit, as up to half of their eggs have chromosomal problems.
However, the £2,000 price tag, on top of the £3,000 or so for IVF, may put many off.
Experts urged caution about the development.
Tony Rutherford, chairman of the British Fertility Society, said that while the technology offers 'much promise' more research was needed to ascertain its value.

He said: 'The widespread use of this technology should await the outcome of such research to ensure we know which patients might benefit.'
Professor Peter Braude, head of the department of women's health at King's College London, said: 'I am delighted that this patient has achieved her positive outcome after so many years of trying.
'However we need to be cautious as to whether the new technique was responsible.

New IVF test increases pregnancy chances, say researchers

A new technique for screening embryos for genetic defects during IVF more than doubles the chances that the embryo will implant in the mother's womb, according to a pilot study by UK and US researchers.
The method, which has several advantages over an existing screening technique, led to established pregnancies - meaning that foetal heartbeat was detected using ultrasound - in 78% of the 23 women who underwent the treatment. Genetic screening involves testing embryos produced during in-vitro fertilisation for abnormal chromosomes that could prevent the embryos from being carried to term.

Fertility doctors using the current technique take one or two cells at day three of the embryo's development, when it has eight cells. Once healthy embryos have been selected, they are implanted back into the patient's uterus. The technique, fluorescent in situ hybridisation, is controversial, with some studies suggesting that it provides no benefit or is counter-productive. The long-term effects of manipulating the embryo are unknown.

The new technique, called comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH), allows doctors to remove cells from the embryo at a later stage, when it is five days old and has more than 100 cells. Removing cells at this stage should be less damaging, and by analysing five or six cells the clinician can be more confident that the genetic abnormality exists in the whole embryo, and not just a few cells.

The researcher who has developed the new technique is planning to offer it in the UK for about £2,000, on top of the fee for IVF, and around the same as standard screening techniques.
"The pregnancy rates we've got so far are absolutely phenomenal," said Dr Dagan Wells at Oxford University and Reprogenetics UK, who led the study. "We're ready to begin a trial in the UK, and we have a couple of licence applications in to the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority to start offering CGH to patients." The HFEA is the UK's regulator of fertility clinics.

Dr Mandy Katz-Jaffe at the Colorado Centre for Reproductive Medicine, near Denver, who is part of the team, said: "The patients who are going through this knew this was their last chance of conceiving without going for donor eggs. They have a poor prognosis, with multiple failed cycles. The effect on those patients who have conceived has been beyond anything I can describe." Wells's team tested the CGH method in 23 women aged 30-42, and transferred 50 embryos. After screening and embryo transfer, 20 of the women became pregnant (foetal heartbeat confirmed by ultrasound).

Better infertility treatments may help many to become parents

An advertisement which said "Choose from a bevy of healthy super-ovulated women to make your family complete" encouraged Audrey and Derek (names changed), residents of New Castle, UK, to go doctor shopping for a baby across four continents. Finally, they zeroed in on Dr Aniruddha Malpani, who runs the Malpani Infertility Clinic in Mumbai.

Audrey was on the verge of a nervous breakdown, having gone through multiple cycles of fertility treatment without any results. The couple had spent nearly 50,000 pounds in the eight years that they had been desperately trying for a baby. From swanky doctor studios they had even done the rounds of astrologers, herbal doctors and miracle-promising mendicants, driven by a single-minded obsession to become parents the biological way.

This cycle of hope-disappointment-hope was finally broken when they had Derek Jr. through In-Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) treatment in Mumbai.

Audrey and Derek are one of the many childless couples who come to India with the hope of going back home with their very own bundle of joy. Fertility tourism is big business now - the industry reportedly brings in hundreds of millions of dollars into the county. In fact, reports also suggest that the number of such cases has more than doubled in the last three years. The reasons: pocket-friendly treatment, world-class heath care facilities, a large base of English-speaking doctors, relatively fewer legal hurdlest the list is long. Dr Vibha Bansal, a Delhi-based gynaecologist, elaborates, "Fertility tourism has received a great deal of media attention of late. The cost of IVF in the West is astronomical and countries enact laws that drastically curtail women's access to assisted reproduction. However, countries like Thailand, Russia, China and India, where such treatments are easily accessible, see people not only from the developed world seeking treatment but also from places like Nepal, Bhutan and Afghanistan, where such options either do not exist, entail long waiting periods or are not of a satisfactory quality." She adds that the government has made things easier by not cluttering the space with too much legalese. According to Dr Malpani, "IVF, embryo adoption and egg donation are very popular and a major reason for this is its cost effectiveness." Take a look at the monetary contrast: At private clinics in the US, which do 70 per cent of all IVF treatment, costs can run up to $18,000 a cycle. Indian clinics offer the same at around $7,200. And to make the deal even more irresistible, many fertility centres offer package deals, throwing in plane tickets and hotel stay as well.

Other than the cost factor, Dr Malpani believes "foreigners choose India because doctors here are known to be more caring". Also, while British clinics may allow doctors to implant only two embryos in a surrogate's uterus, in India this can go up to six embryos at a time - increasing the chances of conception. But Dr Amudha Hari, Consultant Gynaecologist and Laparoscopic Surgeon in Chennai, doesn't see this as positive development.

She believes that there will always be doctors who agree to treat women deemed too old or too overweight by western standards for IVF, never mind the resultant medical complications. Which is why a patient must do a thorough recce and demand to get all his/her questions answered before going in for treatment. "Infertility is like a chronic illness and couples invest a lot of time, energy and money to fulfill their desire of building a family," says Dr Hari.
After three failed rounds of IVF treatment, Bhaskar and Anita, Non Resident Indians (NRIs) in the US, found the answer to their problem in an advertisement. It led them to Nisha, 23, from Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, who was willing to be a surrogate. Everything seemed compatible, she was of the same build and skin colour, except for the fact that she was not married. The issue posed an ethical dilemma for the couple but it was resolved when they were convinced that she was not under any duress but wanted to fund her education to be a nurse. Anita sent her Rs 20,000 every month until the baby was born. She even monitored Nisha's diet and doctor's visits. Their son Rohan's birth, says Anita, was "nothing short of a miracle. We had lost all hope of becoming parents and are now considering having another child after three years, the same way."

Infertility treatments, whether through IVF or surrogacy, creates families. In the process, they also help surrogates find stability in life. In fact, surrogacy has helped poor people pay off debts and get out of the vicious cycle of poverty and, in Nisha's case, get her an education. But, unfortunately, this exercise is not all about gains. If driven solely by commercial interests, fertility treatments can have dangerous consequences. There is always the question of high-risk pregnancies. Sometimes women have to go through repeated surrogacies, getting injected with hormones and the like without proper medical surveillance. All this means compromising dangerously with their health.
Dr Hari recalls a case where a woman in a Mumbai slum had been pushed by her husband to attempt surrogacy for the 18th time. The husband had made this into a kind of domestic enterprise, albeit a failed one, since the poor woman suffered from tuberculosis and was unable to deliver a child successfully. Luckily, a local NGO got a wind of what was going on and took her into a rehab where she is now recovering.

Besides the health risks, there is the issue of adoption. "The many steps involved in adoption once the child is born can be a problem," says Dr Hari. The Indian Council of Medical Research has not issued any guidelines to help deal with foreign clients using Indian surrogates. So the child has to be adopted under Indian law and all procedures outlined in the Hague Convention on inter-country adoption have to be adhered to.

Experts are quick to point out that the global capital generated by the burgeoning fertility tourism market may thwart any concerted international response to the inequities and exploitation that arise in this context. The key to ensuring that the treatment process is relatively hassle-free is to choose the right clinic, one that lays down protocols and guidelines, advises Dr Hari.

Doctor shopping can be a very taxing experience. However, a welcome trend is the easy availability of information on the Internet, making it possible for potential clients to connect with doctors and seek referrals. Blogs and e-mail are handy tools in this regard. However, Dr Abha Majumdar, Head Ultrasound at the IVF Unit in the New Delhi-based Sir Gangaram Hospital, believes that the entire fertility tourism debate is over hyped. She says that the majority of those reaching out to her or those referred from other clinics are Indians (including NRIs) - foreigners make up just 10-15 per cent of that number.

SOURCE:NATIONITTFAQ.COM

REAL FACTS ABOUT EGG DONATION

It’s becoming more the norm than the exception: women who are giving birth in their late 40’s and early 50’s.
Actress Geena Davis gave birth to twins at 48; Jane Seymour gave birth at 45; Cheryl Tiegs at 52.

Yet statistics show that once a woman reaches the age of 40, her fertility rate is pretty low. That’s why many women seek an egg donor for help.
What is egg donation? I took a closer look at the procedure and the female donors who are changing lives.

Pick up almost any college newspaper and you’ll see the ads seeking egg donors like this 24-year-old grad student who doesn’t want us to use her name.
Earlier this year at a clinic out-of-state, she donated 28 of her eggs, and she says she’s ready to do it again.
“I’m helping someone and they appreciate it,” she said.

The fact is, in a society where more and more women are waiting longer to get pregnant, egg donors like her are desperately needed.
Dr. Michael Steinkampf is the founder of Alabama Fertility Specialists, ranked among the top 25 IVF clinics in the country for women under age 35 by fertilitysuccessrates.com.
He says that when it comes to getting women pregnant, egg donation is the most successful form of invitro fertilization.
“This has become an important part of reproductive life in the United States because more women are working, more women are deferring their first pregnancy, and so more women are finding themselves with difficulty conceiving and in their mid 30’s or early 40’s and often the best treatment for them is egg donation,” Dr. Steinkampf said. “About 10 percent of all the invitro fertilization cycles in this country are done with eggs donated by another woman not the infertile woman herself.”

The problem is—there are more women needing eggs than donors. In Alabama, the average wait period for a woman to receive donated eggs is six months. In other states, up to two years.

And being an egg donor is a commitment. You must be in your early 20’s—and be no older than 32. You have a spotless medical history and agree to a strict medical regimen, including daily injections of fertility drugs to stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs and an outpatient procedure under sedation to retrieve them.

Complications are unlikely, and Dr. Steinkampf said the procedure won’t affect a donor’s egg supply.
“Taking fertility drugs being an egg donor it doesn’t use up your eggs any faster than what would normally be diminished,” Dr. Steinkampf said.But the concern for some is the lack of follow-up once a donor walks out the door.

Debra Spar is the author of “The Baby Business.” She says a national registry is needed to track the health of egg donor and ensure that egg donation is safe.
“There’s a difference here between asking people to undergo a procedure that’s about their own health and asking people to undergo a procedure that is directed toward somebody else.” Spar said.

But in countries like Canada where regulations have been in place since 2004, egg donation has dropped dramatically by 50 percent.
And while some doctors admit a registry makes sense, they point to legal and privacy issues as roadblocks.

Dr. David Adamson of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine said “We have to be very careful in our country that we don’t discriminate against the infertile and don’t restrict the reproductive choice simply because it’s about reproduction and the reality is that there have been tens of thousands of babies born tens of thousands of donors.”
And for many donors that’s what it’s all about: helping others experience the miracle of life. In some states, egg donors can earn up to $20,000 dollars per egg donation.

Alabama Fertility Specialists pays its donors $3,000.
Medical guidelines suggest a woman can make six donations in her lifetime.

SOURCE: NBC13.COM

Tips for In Vitro Fertilization - IVF

Arm yourself with info, but don’t get alarmed. Our IVF doctor gave us a sheath of info and consent forms, and some of it revolves around the possible hazards of the egg retrieval and implantation surgeries. They list the possible problems (infection, intestinal punctures) and say “this is not to alarm or scare you!” One tip for IVF is to get all the info you can…but don’t let it freak you out.

Talk to couples who’ve tried IVF. When you get first-hand experiences, you’ll have more info than you ever wanted! To connect with other couples coping with infertility, ask your fertility specialist if they know of any support groups in nearby hospitals or communities. If you’re brave enough, you can ask your friends and family…and find blogs or websites like these!

Read fertility books. Current books about IVF, donor sperm, IUI, and natural treatments for infertility are great ways to learn about the procedure. The more you know about IVF, the more comfortable you’ll feel, which is why these tips for in vitro fertilization are so important.
Read Fertility Plus’ article called IVF Hints. I didn’t agree about the “don’t talk to your partner about his role, as this causes stress” part, but I think it depends on each couple. Everyone copes with infertility differently! If stress leads to performance anxiety, then by all means keep him calm…but if he’s not involved in the sperm donor process, then talk as much as you need!

Do a mock IVF transfer? This is one of the tips for in vitro fertilization suggested by Fertility Plus, but I don’t think we’ll do it. It may be good in theory, but I suspect it’ll cost more time, money, and energy than I can spare. A mock IVF transfer can give the fertility specialist an idea of the depth of your uterus, so when the real time comes, they’re ready.
Be prepared for anything. I’m prepared for pain, discomfort, mood swings, and the fact that this IVF could lead to pregnancy…or another disappointment. I’m prepared for things I can’t even fathom right now! I’m ready for anything.

Plan something fun for after the transfer! Some fertility specialists say to relax right after the egg and sperm are placed, while other say it’s not scientifically proven that increases the success of in vitro fertilization. My tip for a successful IVF is to rent a few of your favorite or new DVDs, make popcorn, snuggle up with your sweetie, and take a day or two off! Give yourself something enjoyable to look forward to.

Plan something fun for after the pregnancy test. If my in vitro fertilization isn’t successful, I’m getting laser eye surgery. Having 20/20 or better vision isn’t as good as a baby, but at least it’s something to look forward to!

As the technology of freezing eggs improves, more options open up for women

If you're not a woman of child-bearing age, you may never have heard of egg freezing.
But this form of in vitro fertilization has gained traction as its success rate has improved.

Pix left:A cryoloop, a critical tool in advancing pregnancy results from frozen eggs, is smaller than the point of a pen, right. Film is placed on the loop, which holds eggs for freezing

It was in 1978 when the first "test tube" baby was born in England. There, doctors fertilized an egg with sperm in a petri dish, then implanted the resulting embryo into the womb. Since then, hundreds of thousands of women have conceived using this method. In 2006, more than 54,000 IVF babies were born in the United States.

IVF using frozen eggs is newer. In the past decade, as many as 500 babies worldwide have been born from embroys that originated from a thawed-out egg. The first report of such a baby was in 1986. In 2007, the United States recorded its first baby born using both frozen egg and frozen sperm.
Egg freezing appeals to several groups of people, including young cancer patients facing life-saving but fertility-damaging treatments and women who want to extend the window of opportunity to have children because they don't yet have a life partner in the picture.

Couples undergoing fertility treatments also may be drawn to egg freezing. Perhaps they don't like the idea of having to destroy unused embryos or keeping them in limbo. Or -- erring on the side of caution -- they opt for the procedure to avoid the potential issue of custody: Unlike embryos created with a partner's sperm, frozen eggs, which belong to the woman, don't pose problems. (Who "owns" the embryos has landed more than a few soon-to-be-ex couples in court.)

Because oocyte cryopreservation (the medical term for egg freezing) is still considered experimental by the American Society of Reproductive Medicine, many U.S. fertility clinics only offer the service to cancer patients.
But that may soon change.

In 2006, an experimental program at Toledo Hospital's Fertility Center of Northwest Ohio welcomed the arrival of its first baby born from a once-frozen egg.
"It was our fertility doctor's idea [to join the study]," said Stacey LaPointe of suburban Toledo, who was 31 when her eggs were retrieved and frozen. "I think we were a little leery, a little hesitant at first."
But after doctors explained the process to LaPointe and her husband, Ryan, the couple decided to go forward.
"We had tried other things unsuccessfully," she said. "It was one of those crapshoots. The odds were so low, we thought, 'Well, it's worth a try.' "
Doctors froze seven of LaPointe's eggs. The five that survived the thawing process were fertilized. Two embryos were implanted, and the other three were frozen.
On Aug. 21, 2006, Claire LaPointe was born.
"We were thrilled," LaPointe said.
On April 1, 2008, she gave birth to her second child, Katie -- conceived the old-fashioned way.

Cleveland Clinic's Beachwood Fertility Center has frozen the eggs of a dozen cancer patients over the past two years. Roughly half of the Clinic's cancer patients do some type of "fertility sparing" procedure, such as embryo or sperm freezing.

As part of a trial to demonstrate that the procedure can work, the Clinic's Partnership For Families program recently picked up most of the expenses -- egg donation, freezing, thawing and fertilization -- for two healthy women in their early 40s who used frozen eggs from a woman in her early 20s. The two women have progressed beyond their first trimesters.

Prior to these two pregnancies, talking to cancer patients about freezing their eggs wasn't a comfortable conversation. No one knew if the success at other clinics could be replicated at the Clinic, said Dr. James Goldfarb, director of the in vitro program at the Clinic's fertility center.
Now, he said, "It's so much nicer to say, 'We can freeze your eggs and have a reasonable chance of this working.' "

The Clinic will consider on a case-by-case basis whether it will offer egg freezing as an elective procedure to healthy women.
University Hospitals Case Medical Center hopes to develop an egg-freezing program in the next six months, said Dr. William Hurd, director of the division of reproductive endocrinology at UH's MacDonald Women's Hospital. And like the Clinic's program, the hope is to expand it to healthy women.

Increasing chances of success
The closer you are to 40, the less likely you are to be a good candidate to freeze your eggs. The cutoff age at Extend Fertility Inc. in Massachusetts is 40, while the Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine in Jacksonville won't accept women over age 38. CHA Fertility Clinic in Los Angeles has a cutoff of 35, with few exceptions.

Beyond age, women need to be as healthy as possible.
So what's the optimal age to freeze one's eggs? About the same that a woman should thinking about having kids.
"Before 30 is ideal," said Hurd. "In her 20s is a good time to have the first child."

At the Florida Institute for Reproductive Medicine, 53 babies have resulted from frozen eggs in the past nine years. One of those babies is now 3, the child of a cancer patient whose frozen eggs were thawed, fertilized and then carried by a surrogate.

At last count, the University of Bologna in Italy has reported a 25 percent success rate using frozen eggs -- roughly one baby for every four pregnancy attempts -- resulting in around 150 babies.

A clinical study operated by Extend Fertility Inc. -- which works with five partner centers in Boston; Austin, Texas; New York; Beverly Hills, Calif.; and Seattle -- has resulted in 13 babies born from women who used frozen donor eggs, said spokeswoman Marla Libraty.
"The data is early, but it is encouraging," she said.
CHA Fertility Clinic in Los Angeles -- which touts itself as the country's first commercial egg bank -- has had 27 babies born. Five women are currently pregnant.

At the Florida Institute, between 40 percent and 50 percent of women who have had about 10 eggs frozen and then thawed have taken home a baby, said program director Dr. Kevin Winslow.

"In theory, eggs may be stored indefinitely. It is the freezing and thawing process that damages the eggs, not the duration that they are frozen," said Scott Brown, spokesman for California Cryobank.
Dr. Glenn Schattman, a specialist in reproductive surgery at Cornell University's Weill Medical College in New York, says many clinics don't know what their success rates will be because they haven't thawed any of the eggs that they've frozen.

"Most programs don't have their own data," he said.
Most of the women who come through the doors of CHA Fertility Clinic in Los Angeles end up not going through with the procedure, said clinic director Dr. Vicken Sepilian.
"The big misconception is that it's a sure thing and it can be done at any age, that fertility doctors can undo the clock," he said.
Prospective patients should do their research and homework before committing to freezing their eggs, Sepilian said.
Some of the most important questions to ask a clinic: How adept are you at freezing and thawing? What is your pregnancy success rate? How many babies have been born through the specific technology at your clinic?
"It's not this magical treatment that's going to work 100 percent of the time," he said. "It's a backup plan."

SOURCE: CLEVELAND.COM

A cheap, painless alternative to IVF?

Breakthrough in fertility treatment as first British babies are born using new technique

A landmark in the development of fertility treatment was announced by doctors yesterday with the birth of the first babies to be conceived using a revolutionary technique that offers a safer, cheaper alternative to IVF.

The twin boy and girl, who were born on 18 October at the Radcliffe Infirmary in Oxford, were conceived using In Vitro Maturation (IVM), a method that dispenses with the use of costly fertility drugs, saving up to £1,500 on the normal price of treatment.

The technique is also safer for the one in three women among those seeking fertility treatment who have polycystic ovaries, a condition that puts them at high risk of dangerous side effects from fertility drugs.
Specialists said the development could make in vitro techniques available to more infertile couples by cutting the cost of treatment. Infertility is estimated to affect one in six couples in the UK but IVF costs around £5,000 a cycle and treatment is restricted on the NHS.

Tim Child, a consultant gynaecologist at the Oxford Fertility Clinic and senior fellow in reproductive medicine at Oxford University, who led the work, said: "I think it is a safer, cheaper alternative to IVF for all women. However, for many women the success rates are currently much lower. Research in the future will address this."

The Oxford Fertility Clinic is the only one in the UK licensed to use the technique: 20 cycles of treatment have been carried out and four other women are currently pregnant, giving a pregnancy rate of 25 per cent. This is expected to improve with further experience. In addition, without the need for drugs, repeating the procedure would be less taxing on the woman. For standard IVF, the Oxford clinic's pregnancy rate is 45 per cent.

The parents of the babies, who have asked to remain anonymous, were delighted, Mr Child said. At birth the boy, born first, weighed 6lb 11oz and the girl weighed 5lb 14oz. "The parents are ecstatic. They have got absolutely stunning twins. They went home on Tuesday to start their new life together. It is wonderful."

In standard IVF, the woman takes fertility drugs for five weeks to stimulate production of her eggs, which are then collected direct from her ovaries under the guidance of ultrasound, before being fertilised in the laboratory. The drugs cost between £600 and £1,500, with charges often higher in London.

The procedure is time consuming and uncomfortable and for the third of women with polycystic ovaries there is a one in 10 risk of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, a dangerous side-effect that in rare cases can prove fatal.

IVM avoids the use of drugs and instead involves collecting eggs from the ovaries while they are still immature. The eggs are then grown in the laboratory for 24 to 48 hours before being fertilised and replaced in the womb.

Mr Child said: "The main advantage is improved safety for women. Women with polycystic ovaries have a one in 10 chance of severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. IVM completely takes away that risk. IVF is also expensive. With IVM the cost is reduced, meaning it could become a more accessible form of fertility treatment."

The technique was pioneered by the University of McGill in Montreal, Canada, where Mr Child spent two years researching and developing it before joining the University of Oxford in 2004. It has also been used in Seoul, South Korea, and Scandinavia. To date about 400 babies have been born worldwide using IVM compared with around two million by IVF.

At present the Oxford Fertility Clinic is only offering the treatment to women with polycystic ovaries, but in the long term Mr Child said he hoped to offer the procedure to all women. "When we see patients we say these are the options and it is up to them to decide. We are not offering it to women with normal ovaries at present because we don't get enough eggs from them. It depends on the number of resting follicles and with normal ovaries you don't get so many.

"On average we get four eggs from a woman with normal ovaries compared with 16 from one with polycystic ovaries. The procedure involves a process of attrition – two-thirds mature and two-thirds of those fertilise – so you need a decent number to start with."

Research on developing the culture medium in which the eggs are matured in the laboratory could reduce the attrition rate so that fewer eggs are needed. The technique could then become suitable for women with normal ovaries, Mr Child said.

A second drawback of the procedure was that eggs grown in culture had a harder outer shell than those matured in the ovary and were more difficult for sperm to penetrate. The eggs had to be fertilised by ICSI – injecting a single sperm directly into the egg. "We hope to develop the culture medium so the egg doesn't mind being grown in the laboratory and we can use ordinary insemination [mixing eggs and sperm so fertilisation occurs naturally]. But in most IVF clinics, 50 per cent of patients are treated with ICSI anyway," he said.

A spokesman for the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority said IVF was expensive for most couples and a minority got treatment on the NHS. But it was too soon to tell whether IVM would replace IVF.

"Anything that reduces the cost of IVF, provided it is safe, means treatment could be available to more people. But this is an emerging technology – it is very early days. The most important thing is that patients get proper information so that they can make a decision on what is best for themselves."

Source: independent.co.uk

New tool to test sperm and improve fertility success rates

London (IANS): A novel method, developed by scientists for testing the health of a sperm before it is used in IVF, boosts chances of conception.

University of Edinburgh researchers have created a way of tagging individual sperm quality, so that only healthy ones are used in fertilising an egg as part of IVF treatment.

IVF or in-vitro fertilisation is the basic assisted reproduction technique, in which the man's sperm and the woman's egg are combined in a lab and after fertilisation, the resulting embryo is then transferred to the woman's uterus.

The sperm are captured in two highly focussed beams of laser light. Trapped in 'optical tweezers', an individual sperm's DNA properties are identified by the pattern of the vibrations they emit in a process known as Raman spectroscopy.
This process is being used for the first time to evaluate DNA damage in sperm.

Existing methods to test sperm DNA quality cut off cells in half and tag them with fluorescent dye, which ends up rendering the sperm useless. This new process leaves them unharmed. So if it is found to have good DNA quality, it can still be used in IVF treatment.

Elfick, the project head, said: "In natural conception, the fittest and healthiest sperm are positively selected by the arduous journey they make to the egg.
What our technology does is to replace natural selection with a DNA based 'quality score'. But this is not about designer babies. We can only tell if the sperm is strong and healthy not if it will produce a baby with blue eyes," he said.

The research is currently in a pre-clinical phase, and if successful could be available to patients in the next five to 10 years, said a release of Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, which had funded the project.

SOURCE: hindu.com

IVF twins joys for couple who spent £32,000

AFTER nine years spending £32,000 on fertility treatment, Jayne Day and Stephen Jenkinson never thought they'd have their own baby.
But a final chance at IVF with savings originally earmarked for a house extension, led them to not one little bundle of joy, but two.

On Saturday, the proud parents of 15-week-old twins Harry and Archie were among dozens of other couples celebrating successful treatment at Newcastle's private hospital St Jude's.

The couple went for treatment at the hospital's other base, in Wolverhampton, after six failed IVF attempts at another hospital.
When the clinic opened in Newcastle 15 months ago, they moved their treatment there.
TIN.adverts.addToArray('article-detail-impact-tile', 'AAMSZ=452x118');
Jayne, who has four children from a previous relationship, said it felt amazing to fall pregnant again.
The 35-year-old, from Stockfield Road, Meir, said: "I started treatment in January this year after trying for a baby for nine years.
"I'd got birth children, but Stephen hadn't so that didn't stop us wanting one together.
"I'd had a miscarriage and two ectopic pregnancies that meant I lost my fallopian tubes.
"I fell pregnant in February and couldn't believe it when I found out I was having twins."
Stephen, aged 42, said: "After everything we have been through, having twins is amazing."
Joining the couple, who are also foster parents, at the party was Jo Hope with her husband Rob, and their 22-month-old daughter.
Little Ellie was born after the couple spent three years trying for a baby and started treatment in April 2006.
Jo, aged 29, from Tarragon Drive, Meir Park, said: "We had given up hope before we came here.
"It was a stressful and upsetting time because everyone around us was having children and we weren't.
"When we came here all our prayers were answered.
"Now it is lovely to come back and see all the other couples and their babies."
Rob, also aged 29, added: "I don't cry very often, but I was over the moon when I found out the treatment had worked."

More than 120 babies have been delivered this year after successful treatment at the hospital in Sandy Lane.
Its medical director Jude Adghe said the party, also held as a Christmas celebration, aimed to help both new and former patients.
He said: "We thought a party would be a really good way to get all the patients together so that they can share their experiences.
"There are also patients who haven't been lucky enough to have kids yet who may want to ask questions and interact with couples who have been through the system."
Newcastle Mayor John Cooper was also invited to have a look around the hospital and greet guests.
He added: "It has been great to see the children and the hospital

SOURCE:THISISSTAFFORDSHIRE.CO.UK

Breakthrough IVF test to double baby chance for childless couples

A fertility test that doubles the chances of pregnancy offers new hope to childless couples.
The test helps identify the healthiest embryos for use in IVF treatment and could cut the risk of twins or triplets.

A trial involving couples
British experts are hoping to get permission from the fertility regulator here to offer it to women within the next few months.
Unlike most existing checks for a small number of abnormalities in embryos, the new CGH ( comparative genomic hybridisation) test examines the full complement of normal chromosomes.

The test is also more accurate because it can safely remove a greater number of cells from embryos for DNA testing before the healthiest ones are chosen. Findings from a trial at the Colorado Centre for Reproductive Medicine, near Denver, used results from women with hard-totreat infertility, where previous IVF attempts failed or ended in miscarriage.
They showed the chances of an embryo implanting in the womb were 62 per cent - more than double the 27 per cent rate expected.
Out of 23 women aged between 30 and 42 taking part in the trial, 18 conceived and their pregnancies passed the 12-week stage.
The predicted live birth rate is 78 per cent, which compares with an anticipated 62 per cent in this group.

Two have given birth and four more are expected to deliver their babies by the end of the year, according to data presented yesterday at the American Society of Reproductive Medicine in San Francisco.

Dagan Wells, of the Reprogenetics UK Clinic and the University of Oxford, whose team analyses DNA extracted from embryos at the Colorado clinic, said the findings were 'dramatic'.
He is hoping to offer the technique to couples for around £2,000, in addition to the cost of IVF treatment.

He predicted its use would reduce the occasions when multiple embryos have to be implanted.
'The pregnancy rates we've got so far are absolutely phenomenal. We're ready to begin a trial in the UK,' he said.

SOURCE: dailymail.co.uk

Indian woman gives birth aged 70: report

An Indian woman has given birth to her first child at the age of 70 after receiving IVF treatment, newspapers reported her doctor as saying.
Rajo Devi, who married 50 years ago, gave birth to a baby girl on November 28 after in vitro fertilisation, said Anurag Bishnoi, a doctor at the Hisar fertility centre in Haryana state.

"Rajo Devi and [her husband] Bala Ram approached the centre for treatment and the embryo transfer was done on April 19," he told the Hindustan Times.
"Both the mother and child are in good health."

Dr Bishnoi claimed Ms Devi was the world's oldest mother.
Another 70-year-old Indian was reported to have given birth to twins via IVF in July this year, while a 66-year-old Spanish woman had twins in 2006.

Ms Devi's husband, aged 72, had also wed his wife's sister after 10 years of his first marriage did not result in children. His second wife also failed to become pregnant.

It was not clear whose egg and sperm were used in the successful treatment.
"IVF has revolutionised the way we look at infertility," said Dr Bishnoi.
"Infertility is no longer a social taboo or a divine curse. It can be treated scientifically."

'IVF without hormones' hailed

Younger women undergoing fertility treatment may stand a better chance of getting pregnant with a new procedure that does not stimulate the ovaries with powerful hormone-containing drugs, doctors said yesterday.

Findings from the first fertility centre in Britain to use in-vitro maturation (IVM) as an alternative to IVF reveal that pregnancy rates are comparable between the two techniques but only for women under 35. In IVF, women are given hormones for about two or three weeks to stimulate their ovaries to produce mature eggs before they are surgically removed for in vitro fertilisation. In IVM, however, immature eggs are removed from the ovaries without the use of drugs and matured in the laboratory before being fertilised with sperm.

The new technique, which has only recently been introduced to Britain, is considered to be safer than conventional IVF because it does not increase the risk of potentially lethal hyperstimulation syndrome, where the ovaries respond adversely to the hormones used during IVF treatment.

Tim Child, of the Oxford Fertility Centre, said that 70 women in Britain had undergone IVM in the past year and for the 40 patients who were under 35 the pregnancy rate was 48 per cent – compared to a pregnancy rate of about 55 per cent for women undergoing conventional IVF.

The percentage of under 35-year-olds achieving a clinical pregnancy – where the heartbeat of the baby has been detected – was 33 per cent. Just 10 babies of mothers undergoing IVM and attending the Oxford centre have so far been born, so it is still too early to estimate an accurate live-birth rate, which is 31 per cent for IVF.

"What we've found looking back on the first year of using IVM is that it works particularly well for a group of women at the younger end of the scale that we have treated," said Dr Child.

"It's an improvement in that we've worked out which patients do best with IVM, so it's about offering it to the right couples," he said.
About 900 babies have been born worldwide by the IVM technique. The first IVM babies in Britain were born last year after the Oxford Fertility Centre was given a licence to use the procedure by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA).

The HFEA's experts found that there was no evidence to suggest that IVM was dangerous either to women or to their babies – although further safety studies are still in progress.

Dr Child said that when IVM was first used, pregnancy rates and live-birth rates were relatively low compared to conventional IVF but better laboratory procedures, as well as patient selection, had improved the success rate significantly. "I'm not sure we will ever get better than IVF but the aim is to achieve the same success rate. The advantages of IVM are so great – it is safer and easier. Women who have had both say that they prefer IVM because they do not need several weeks of drug treatment," Dr Child said.

Svend Lindenberg, of the Copenhagen Fertility Centre, who pioneered IVM, said it was best suited to younger women who have regular periods.
SOURCE: independent.co.uk

Breakthrough Technology Takes Egg Freezing from Myth to Dependable Reality

The day of true reproductive freedom for women has arrived. A new scientific study confirms the efficacy of a revolutionary egg selection and freezing process that, at long last, offers women a viable and reliable fertility preservation option.

Developed and clinically tested by the scientists at ReproCure, a vanguard genetics products company, this process increases the live births derived from a cryopreserved egg almost seven-fold over the field's current standard. In simple terms, it means that for the first time, women in their prime childbearing years can freeze and bank their own eggs for future use, relatively confident that they will have a 26%-to-27% chance of a having a baby from each cryopreserved, genetically selected oocyte.

Significantly,these odds are better than those with conventional IVF at its best. The patent pending process called Egg Competency Testing (ECT), when coupled with ultra-rapid egg freezing technology known as vitrification (a protocol that minimizes egg damage), actually delivers on reproductive medicine's promise to liberate women from the tyranny of the biological clock. The stunning results of a rigorous multi-year ReproCure-funded study are published in the current issue of the prestigious journal Reproductive BioMedicine Online.

"Everything we've heard before about egg freezing needs to be put away," said Dr. Geoffrey Sher, Executive Medical Director of ReproCure and the Sher Institutes for Reproductive Medicine (SIRM(R)). Dr. Sher is a world-renowned trailblazer in the field of reproductive medicine for more than 25 years.

"I would heartily agree with medical governing agencies that in the past have strongly advised against the use of egg freezing and banking. Up until now, existing technology only offered a 1%-to-4% baby rate per frozen egg.... a false promise of success," noted Dr. Sher. "But ECT and vitrification, dual processes that allow us to select only chromosomally normal eggs for safe cryobanking are paradigm shifters.

They give women arealistic fertility preservation alternative they can count on." Normal Egg, Healthy Baby In essence, ECT, focuses on a relatively new DNA test called Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) to determine which eggs are chromosomally normal (euploid). It's well established that, barring othercompromising medical factors or male infertility, it is euploid eggs that are most likely to yield chromosomally sound embryos, which in turn are the ones most likely to develop into healthy babies. Indeed, ReproCure/SIRM investigators were able to illustrate that inthe vast majority of cases, the transfer of one or two chromosomally normal(competent) embryos to a receptive uterine environment produced a babyalmost 70% of the time. The ECT process involves handpicking chromosomally normal eggs forpreservation.

Researchers now know that most eggs, even in young healthy women, are chromosomally abnormal (aneuploid). Further complicating things is the fact that the incidence of aneupolidy is random. One month a woman opting for egg freezing may be stimulated to produce 12 eggs and none will be normal. The next month, the same woman might produce six that are normal. The key to a successful outcome is freezing only the euploid eggs.

In contrast to the scattershot approach of freezing every egg harvested - a minimum of 20 at most centers, ReproCure's technique requires that only four or five normal eggs be frozen and banked. The CGH Factor CGH is a delicate and complex test that screens the full complement of chromosomes in each egg. ReproCure/SIRM's dedicated team has an expertise and experience in egg/embryo CGH that is unmatched by any other center inthe world, giving it an unbeatable track record in identifying chromosomally normal eggs. Only these are selected for vitrification(ultra-rapid freezing) and banking.

Once frozen, these eggs are stored until the time the woman chooses to create her family. Until now, family building has been severely constrained by simple biology. If a woman wanted her own biogenetic children, she was under the gun to procreate before her eggs were too old and chromosomally abnormal to generate offspring.

That ratchets up the pressure on everything from education to economics and romance. Women who haven't found the right mate by 35 or who can't afford to leave the workplace, find themselves penalized by nature. For most, a genetically related child is not possible. If they want to experience pregnancy, the only option is egg donation. ECT and vitrification does an end-run around the biological clock. It affords a woman the luxury of time, precisely because she's stored her own eggs while in her reproductive prime. Those oocytes, when properly warmed, fertilized and transferred are as likely to yield offspring in five, 10 or even 20 years as they are today.

ECT liberates a woman to achieve emotional, psychological and financial maturity, secure in the knowledge that she can have children of her own.

About Dr. Geoffrey Sher
Dr. Geoffrey Sher, Executive Medical Director and co-founder of SIRM, is an internationally renowned expert in the field of Assisted ReproductiveTechnology (ART) and has been influential in the births of more than 16,000 babies throughout his career.
Over the last 26 years, Dr. Sher has helped fashion the entire field of ART. After training under "The Father of IVF" Dr. Patrick Steptoe, Dr. Sher established the first private IVF program in the United States in 1982. He later established a number of centers throughout California before foundingthe first SIRM office - in Las Vegas.

For more than two decades, Dr. Geoffrey Sher and his medical team have been on the leading edge of IVF research. Each significant breakthrough has been incorporated into SIRM treatment protocols - lending the benefit of those many years' of IVF experience to every SIRM office. Dr. Sher has more than 200 scientific papers and abstracts to his credit. He has authored one of the most widely read books on IVF, http://www.haveababy.com/why/artbook.aspIn Vitro Fertilization: The A.R.T.of Making Babies

About the Sher Institutes for Reproductive Medicine (SIRM(R))
SIRM is one of the largest networks of infertility medical practices in the country. Founded in 1998 by Drs. Geoffrey Sher and Ghanima Maassarani, the Sher Institute family of practices has since grown to include 13 offices across the United States.

Dr. Sher founded the first private InVitro Fertilization (IVF) clinic in the U.S. in 1982. The SIRM philosophy is centered on individualized patient care, backed by ongoing scientific and technological breakthroughs.
SIRM has offices in Los Angeles, Chino Hills, Sacramento and Pleasanton, CA; New York City,Westchester and Long Island, New York; Bedminster and Phillipsburg, New Jersey; Dallas, Texas; St. Louis, Missouri; Peoria, Illinois; and LasVegas, Nevada.

More information can be found on the SIRM website at http://www.haveababy.com.

About ReproCure, LLC
ReproCure, LLC, headquartered in Las Vegas, Nevada, is a specialty genetics testing laboratory focused on benefiting: (1) women and couples who require assistance in becoming pregnant and (2) women seeking reproductive alternatives such as freezing their eggs for later use.

ReproCure is led by Medical Director Geoffrey Sher, MD and ScientificDirector Levent Keskintepe, PhD.

Source: prwire.com

Indian Clinics Woo Fertility Tourists

Indian clinics woo "fertility" tourists as medical travel booms:

"We are actively recruiting egg donors!" reads the advertisement on the website of one of India's top in-vitro fertilisation clinics.
"Our patients are happy to pay generously for your generosity! They pay you up to rupees 40,000 (800 dollars) every time you donate".
A lack of regulation surrounding fertility services in India and the lucrative returns on offer to those that provide them has turned India into a popular hub of "IVF tourism".

Childless couples from overseas are attracted by the relatively low-cost treatment, as well as "friendly rules" when it comes to egg donors and surrogate motherhood.

According to the private Indian Society for Assisted Reproduction (ISAR), there are some 400 IVF clinics in the country, providing an estimated 30,000 assisted reproductive treatments a year.
There are no precise estimates for what percentage are taken up by foreigners, but doctors say overseas demand is fuelling a boom.
"Nearly half of our patients come from overseas. Of them, nearly half are of Indian origin," said Aniruddha Malpani, whose IVF clinic in Mumbai is considered among the country's best.

A full IVF cycle at the Malpani clinic costs 4,500 dollars, including medicines. In the United States, the average cost is 12,400 dollars, according to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine.
Malpani offers a top-end service, but the same treatment is available from other Indian clinics at less than half the price.
While cost is a big factor in drawing people from abroad, equally important is the lack of effective regulation.

"India has friendly rules. There are no restrictions on egg donation," said Manish Banker, vice president of the ISAR.
In Britain, the British Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) has outlawed payments to surrogates and British IVF clinics allow doctors to implant only two embryos into the uterus in a treatment.
In India, five implants are allowed, substantially increasing the chances of pregnancy, and there is no shortage of egg donors.
"Attitudes towards egg donation are changing fast. Thirty years ago, Indians would balk at the idea of donating blood to a stranger, but now they don't," said Malpani.

A majority of Indian egg donors are housewives who are paid between 6,000 and 40,000 rupees (120-800 dollars), depending on their education level. Many of the women come from poor families.
Among the foreigners seeking fertility services in India, a good number are couples of Indian origin who come home to look for an Indian donor.
"Having a baby is an emotional issue," said Malpani, who runs the clinic with his wife Anjali.
"These people should be called reproductive exiles, not reproductive tourists. No one likes to travel for medical treatment," he said.
Critics, however, say the absence of regulation poses health dangers, as well as ethical issues about "rent-a-womb" exploitation.
"This business is like any other outsourcing industry. The only difference is the treatment offered here is very poor," said Puneet Bedi, a specialist in foetal medicine at New Delhi's Apollo hospital.
"Doctors here take short cuts, they implant more embryos than needed which multiplies risk to the mother."

A draft bill on assisted reproduction has been drawn up and is expected to be tabled in parliament soon, but women's health activists argue that it is aimed more at promoting a lucrative business than addressing health and ethical concerns.
"It was getting embarrassing for the government to keep saying there is no law in the country, so they had to come up with something," Bedi said.
On the back of a booming industry, medical companies have launched special deals that offer a range of health and travel services targeted at foreigners.
Right from arranging the medical visa -- which was introduced three years ago to boost medical outsourcing -- to providing recuperation holidays, companies like Mumbai-based Forerunners and Delhi's Life Smile take care of all requirements.
"Most people who come to us, especially for IVF, go in for a travel package too, since they have come all the way to India," said Kamal Parpyani, managing director of health tourism company Life Smile.
According to a 2004 study, India could earn as much as two billion dollars annually by 2012 through medical tourism, including from fertility services for overseas patients.
Doctors say Indians will benefit not just from the revenue, but also a reduction in the cost of expensive treatments as demand and competition grows.
"It's a market economy. The bad doctors will be weeded out and benefits will trickle down to people in smaller towns," Malpani said.
SOURCE: Agence France Presse

IVF doctor: Patients view him with awe but rivals are less impressed

IVF doctor: Patients view him with awe but rivals are less impressed

He is Britain's most successful IVF doctor with a live birth rate twice the national average and a fortune founded on enabling women to have children, sometimes after years of fruitless treatment in other clinics.
But Mohammed Taranissi is also one of the most controversial, constantly pushing against the rules for fertility treatment and provoking the wrath of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA). His rows with the regulator may have undermined his reputation but some, such as IVF pioneer Lord Winston, believe the publicity they have attracted has raised his profile.
Creating babies is as close as most doctors come to playing God and the Egypt-born specialist is viewed by his patients, many desperate, with something close to awe. He has regularly topped the league table of IVF clinics with a live birth rate of 60.7 per cent for women under 35 in 2007, 17 per cent ahead of his nearest rival.
What is his secret? Dr Taranissi says it is about being on duty 24 hours a day so each stage of the IVF process can be carried out at the right time. Rivals claim his results are achieved by cherry-picking the healthiest patients, a charge he rejects.
A more substantive criticism is that he transfers multiple embryos to improve the chances of at least one implanting in the womb. His two London clinics had the third and fourth-highest multiple birth rates at 33 and 32 per cent.
A twin or triplet birth increases risks for mother and babies as well as imposing a burden on the parents and the HFEA has set targets to reduce it. But Dr Taranissi argues this decision should be left to clinicians and their patients.
IVF treatment attracts some of the biggest personalities in medicine and brings huge rewards – Dr Taranissi's fortune was once estimated at £38m.
The HFEA has stumbled badly in its dealings with Dr Taranissi. Two years ago, it ordered a police raid on one of his clinics which he was suspected of operating without a licence – while at the same time contributing to a BBC Panorama investigation of the doctor screened on the day as the raids.
The incident drew charges of "trial by television" and led Dr Taranissi to launch a libel action against the BBC and a court action against the HFEA. The latter was settled last week with the withdrawal of all charges against him. His latest clash with the authorities before the GMC is being keenly watched.

SOURCE: independent.co.uk

Doctor in IVF furore is the best

Doctor in IVF furore is the best, says watchdog
• Taranissi success at 61%, double national average • Technique results in 12,596 births in UK overall

Britain's most controversial fertility doctor has once again been ranked as its most successful by the government's IVF watchdog, the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA).
Mohammed Taranissi's Assisted Reproduction and Gynaecology Centre in London recorded the highest success rates among more than 100 clinics offering IVF in Britain, according to figures released by the regulator. Nearly two-thirds of Taranissi's patients who were under 35 had a live birth in 2006.
His success rate of 61% is almost double the national average of 31% for patients of the same age. Another clinic run by Taranissi, the Reproductive Genetics Institute, which has since closed, ranked second with a live birth rate of 50% for every cycle of treatment.
Overall, the figures show that there were 12,596 live IVF births in 2006, up 11.9% on the previous year, meaning that 16 babies out of every 1,000 born are IVF infants. They also show a substantial rise in couples seeking IVF across the country.
Nearly 35,000 women were treated in UK clinics in 2006, an increase of 6.8% on the year before. Success rates also rose across age groups, and markedly in women over 44, where live births rose from 0.8% to 4% for women using their own eggs. The use of donor sperm fell sharply, however, with 28% fewer treatments than in 2005. The fall, which the HFEA described as a "great concern", coincides with a change in the law that year which removed sperm donors' right to anonymity.
Lisa Jardine, chair of the HFEA, said: "In the year that we celebrated the 30th anniversary of the birth of the world's first IVF baby, these latest figures show just how far we've come. IVF is now commonplace, with the number of treatment cycles and births rising yet again." Last year, the average age of women having fertility treatment in Britain rose for the 10th consecutive year to 35.2 years old.
The HFEA has been in dispute with Taranissi for years. Last year his offices were raided by the HFEA on the evening of a BBC documentary about his clinics.
Taranissi is suing the broadcaster for libel. The BBC was yesterday ordered to pay an estimated £500,000 in legal costs to Taranissi. The BBC initially defended the documentary, IVF Undercover, which relied on undercover filming at Taranissi's clinic, saying it represented responsible journalism conveying matters in the public interest. However, it withdrew this defence last month. The BBC is continuing to defend its programme, citing the "hazards" of protecting confidential sources. It will seek to prove before the high court in January that the allegations are true.
Taranissi appeared before the General Medical Council this week to answer unrelated allegations from two patients who were treated at his clinic.
"We maintain a good service by being available seven days a week, because you have to be available to do things at the best time. We've also introduced a few new things which are not widely practised across the board, and some of them are still very controversial," said Taranissi.
London clinics completed the top five of the league table. The Lister Fertility Clinic and University College Hospital reported 44% live births in the under-35s, and Chelsea and Westminster Hospital 42%.
The HFEA figures also reveal which clinics created the most twins. Taranissi's clinic ranked second for multiple births, with 32% being twins.

Source: guardian.co.uk

More Couples Turning to IVF

Approximately one in every 80 babies born in the UK is a result of IVF treatment, research has revealed. With one in seven couples experiencing difficulty conceiving, IVF has become an important part of family life for thousands of people across the country.

Figures show that IVF treatment has a success rate of 29% in women below the age of 35, and that number drops as a woman's age increases. According to some women who experienced IVF, natal hypnotherapy helped relax them, making the process more positive and less unpleasant. One new mum said: "The CDs really helped me to focus on my treatment, to remain calm and positive, and to be confident. Once I did get pregnant, I was in complete shock for about four months!"

Another added: "The CDs were a huge help in relaxing me and making me feel more in control during the process. I became pregnant at the third attempt and have now given birth to a lovely little girl."A survey found that out of 68 women who used the therapy, 46% became pregnant - 17% higher than the national success rate.

Source: Bounty.com

'FIRST IVF BABY TURNS 30'

Happy 30th, Louise.

As I approach my 30th birthday, having delayed marriage and children, the social and biological clock of keeping time for childbearing ticks louder. However, thanks to another 30-year-old woman, it's possible for me to feel at ease. That woman is Louise Brown, the first child born via IVF. Last week marked not only her 30th birthday but thirty years of success in giving many women and men a second chance to have a biologically-related (at least, in part) child of their own. In fact, over 3 million babies worldwide have been born using IVF -- with over 52,000 infants born in the US, accounting for 1 percent of all births in the country.

In conversations with my close friends, it's been comforting to hear that we share the same concerns about starting a family later in life. We joke that after years of being on birth control--from condoms to pills to patches and rings and back to condoms again--diligently trying to avoid an unplanned pregnancy, we're fearful that we may, in fact, experience infertility.

Because of assisted reproduction and the tremendous successes gained in the past three decades, the clock is not ticking as loudly for me as it was for my mother. Instead, my generation has grown accustomed to this $3 billion industry--most of us know at least one friend, family member or colleague who has been through IVF. But this familiarity brings with it a whole new set of concerns. What are the ethical, moral, legal and financial impacts of this field? How do we grapple with these issues as a women's community, before others tell us what's best for our bodies and for our children? We've seen it before, and it will happen again.

It is incumbent upon the women's reproductive health community, particularly those who face these issues daily, to foster this debate. We might begin with the following concerns:

Number 1: Why is my generation of women and men more infertile than our parents? Currently, in the US, 1.2 million (or 2%) of women of reproductive age (defined by the CDC as age 10 to 49) have an infertility-related medical appointment each year; 10% receive infertility services at some point in their lives. As I've alluded, a big factor is age. To simplify things greatly, as more women gained equality in education and in the workplace, we also began to delay childbearing--for many reasons, including lack of maternity leave and inflexible work schedules.
But to highlight only age would be misleading. With so many individuals experiencing infertility (and in cases in which the underlying causes are never found), we cannot ignore the tremendous role that environmental contaminants are playing in this problem.
Exposure to ubiquitous dioxins, such as cigarette smoke, lead, mercury and some agricultural pesticides are direct threats to a couple's ability to conceive or have a healthy pregnancy. And, more troubling, new research suggests that a broader range of chemicals--including many that are associated with everyday products such as household cleansers, flame retardants, personal care and beauty aids, and even plastic water bottles--could have a complex and far-reaching impact on fertility.

Number 2: Are these procedures--the hormones, the retrieval of eggs, the implantation of one or multiple embryos--safe for women and their children? The answer, for the most part, is that we don't know. While IVF has generally been accepted as safe by the American public, there are in fact very little published data, let alone quality, standardized data, on the short and long term safety of these procedures on women and children's health. As we see an increase in women going through these procedures for either their own reproduction or to donate their eggs, how can we fully inform them of the potential risks and benefits?

Number 3: The growth of this industry and the growth in the numbers of assisted fertility clinics (now at 475 in total) have increased the demand for women's eggs. While most clinics offer women an average of $3,000 to $8,000, some "baby brokers" have offered as much as $50,000-80,000 for specific egg donors. (The American Society for Reproductive Medicine's (ASRM) guidelines allow for women to be compensated for their time and risk up to $5,000 or $10,000 in some cases, but this is neither mandated nor regulated by either state or federal law.) This issue poses its own ethical and moral dilemmas: should a woman be compensated for donating her eggs? Can payment create a coercive or exploitative situation? What are the race and class implications of who demands and who gets solicited for their eggs?

As with many momentous events in my life, as I approach my 30th birthday, I'm asking myself more questions than I know answers. I have found that asking questions--and listening to a broad range of voices who have their own personal and insightful answers--is the first step in the process in advocating for change. We must grapple with these issues and then propose solutions that follow our values and morals. So, in that vein, my parting question: what policies will empower all women to make their own decisions about having a child and yet protect her health? The answer to this will be the best 30th birthday present for me and Louise.

Jennifer Rogers

PARENTS TELL IVF TECHNIQUE SUCCESS

Evie Bloomer is the first IVF baby to be born in the UK using a pioneering technique to freeze embryos.

And Evie's parents, Ian and Rebecca, said they wanted their story to inspire other childless couples trying for a baby not to give up hope.

The childhood sweethearts, from Cwmbran, South Wales, had been trying for a baby since they married in 2001. But tests revealed that Mrs Bloomer, 28, had endometriosis, a condition which was making it difficult for her to conceive.

Desperate for a baby, the couple attended the IVF clinic at the University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff. After one failed attempt the hospital offered the Bloomers a new way of freezing their unused embryos - embryo vitrification - that gave them a better chance of survival when they were ready to try again. Mrs Bloomer fell pregnant almost immediately using one of these embryos and became the proud mother of a healthy baby girl on July 23.

She said: "I hope that if anybody going through treatment sees us and sees Evie it gives them one last little bit of hope to go for it."
Lyndon Miles, head of embryology and andrology for IVF Wales, explained how it works: "Vitrification involves rapidly cooling and storing cells at very low temperatures for future use.

"An IVF cycle produces a number of embryos. Those that aren't immediately transferred back to the patient and that are of good enough quality are cooled slowly to the temperature of liquid nitrogen (-196C) and stored until needed.

"Conventional slow freezing creates ice crystals which can damage the embryo as it is thawed. Vitrification differs from traditional cooling and storing techniques in that it allows instantaneous 'glass-like' solidification of eggs and embryos without the formation of ice crystals. Since no ice crystals form, a much greater percentage of embryos survive thawing following vitrification. With conventional freezing methods, post-thaw survival rates vary from 50% to 80% whereas we have achieved 98% with vitrification."

Mr Miles said 17 out of the 39 women offered the treatment so far had fallen pregnant. Four of those are expecting twins.
He said the process would also be helpful to women diagnosed with cancer who want to freeze a number of eggs in case chemotherapy leaves them infertile. It may also be used to allow women to delay motherhood by "banking" eggs while they are at their fertile peak and using them later after fertility has declined.

SOURCE: The Press Association